A devastating pig disease

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) is a devastating disease. The causative agent, PEDv, is endemic in many regions of the world. Currently, it has a tremendous impact on swine production in North America and Asia, but the relevance might increase in other parts of the world, too.

History and Origin PEDv is an alpha coronavirus that only affects pigs, it was first discovered in England in 1971. Since then, it has spread to several other European and Asian countries. PEDv was recently confirmed for the first time in the United States in May 2013. The virus affecting pigs in the United States is very similar to a strain found in China. A second PEDv (named the “variant” or “INDEL” strain) has recently been confirmed in the United States. It functions similar to the original strain, but often with less mortality.

Transmission and Clinical Signs PEDv causes diarrhea and vomiting in pigs and piglets, transmission occurs via the fecal-oral route. When the virus is first introduced into a herd, acute outbreaks of diarrhea in recently born piglets may be observed, and as much as 100 percent of these piglets may be affected. Diarrhea can last from seven to 14 days. While boars and sows typically recover from the virus, piglets less than 8 days of age are susceptible to a high mortality rate (from 50 to 100 percent of infected piglets). One of the characteristics of the PED virus is replication to very high levels within the animal. This is important because it directly leads to high levels of environmental contamination. During a PED outbreak, you can expect to find the virus in the barns, on the equipment and even in the office.

Diagnostics and Control While clinical symptoms may be the same as transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus with acute diarrhea, laboratory testing is the only way to correctly diagnosing PEDv.
Strict biosecurity protocols are the best way to prevent PEDv from entering a farm or from spreading on a farm. Vaccines, that are available in some countries, vary greatly in their ability to provide protection.

Your SOURCE for information When dealing with PED virus, you need the right expertise. From prevention to management tips and resources, you can find all relevant information on PED at www.pedresource.com.